1 Ответ
Задание 1. Listen to part of a city tour around Moscow and decide whether the following statements are TRUE, FALSE or this information is not provided in the text – NOT STATED – according to the text you hear. You will hear the text twice. Now you have 15 seconds to read the statements.
Blacksmith’s Bridge” is a bad translation of “Кузнецкий Мост” because “blacksmith” does not mean “кузнец”.
There is an underground river in Moscow.
All Fabergé eggs are made of gold and diamonds.
Carl Faberge lived in Moscow, in Kuznetsky Most street
The owner of the “Magasin Anglais” was French.
When the tour guide says, “You are good!” to the tourist, she means that the tourist pays close attention to details.
Houses in Kuznetsky Most didn’t burn during Napoleon’s invasion in 1812.
Ответ: 1F, 2T, 3NS, 4F, 5F, 6T, 7T
READING
Read the text about the history of chewing gum and do the tasks that follow.
The History of Chewing Gum
Paragraph A
Do you like chewing gum? Millions of people around the world do. It’s difficult to imagine a place where people don’t chew gum. Chewing gum has been taken up the highest mountain peaks, deep down into the ocean, and even into space.
Paragraph B
Chewing gum has been around for a very long time. The ancient Greeks were chewing gum as early as A.D. 50. They chewed sap from the mastic tree. In Central America, the Mayans chewed chicle, the sap of the sapodilla tree. When the Pilgrims came to North America, Native Americans gave them the sap of spruce trees to chew.
Paragraph C
In 1848, John Curtis of Maine made the first chewing gum for sale. The gum sold so well that Curtis built the world’s first gum factory and hired 200 workers. In 1906, Frank Fleer came up with the idea of bubble gum. He called his gum “Blibber-Blubber”, but it never went to market because it was so sticky that if it got on the skin, a person had to scrub it with turpentine or paint thinner to remove it.
Paragraph D
In 1928, the first successful bubble gum, Dubble Bubble, was invented by an accountant named Walter Diemer. He worked for a chewing gum company in Philadelphia. While experimenting with different gum recipes in his spare time, Diemer stumbled upon a formula that produced a less sticky, more elastic gum that could be easily blown into bubbles. As he watched the first bubble gum batch being made, he realized that it had no colour. He grabbed the only colouring they had at the factory – pink. The gum became so popular that most bubble gum today is still pink.
Paragraph E
Let’s take a look at how gum is made. There must be a base to make the gum sticky. This base is usually a combination of natural and synthetic products. The natural base is made from latex. Latex is the sap that flows in certain trees found in the rainforest. First, the ingredients for the base are mixed together. They are heated to a high temperature and a thick syrup is formed. The syrup is poured into a giant mixer that can hold up to a ton of ingredients. Natural or sugar-free sweeteners are added to make the gum sweet and moist. Then flavourings are added according to the recipe being used.
Paragraph F
When the gum comes out of the mixers, it looks like bread dough. It is put aside to cool. From there it goes to machines that knead it. Then, for regular gum, the mixture is rolled into sheets and cut into sticks, while bubble gum is shaped into balls. Once shaped, the gum is wrapped and sent to stores.
Задание 2. Guess the meaning of the following words from the text and match them to their definitions. There are 4 extra definitions that you shouldn’t use.
a liquid chemical with a strong smell which is used for cleaning paint off brushes
i to make something warmer or hotter than before
to find or discover something by chance or unexpectedly
to think of and make something that has never been made before
to repeatedly press a mixture for making bread with the hands and fingers || long, thin and sharp
to stand or walk on your knees
!: a person whose job it is to count and record financial transactions
to take something suddenly and quickly
made or covered with a substance that stays attached to any surface it touches | | = to trip and fall down
a mixture of flour, water and sometimes yeast, fat and sugar used to bake bread, pastry or biscuits
watery liquid in plants and trees
engineer
extra, free
to take something away from or off something
1. sap — 10
2. sticky — 8
3. turpentine — 1
4. to remove —
5. to invent — 3
6. accountant — 6
7. spare — 11
8. to stumble upon — 2
9. to grab — 5
10. to heat — 7
11. dough — 9
12. to knead — 4
Задание 3. Choose the titles that would best suit each of the paragraphs. There is one title that you shouldn’t use.
Fun Name, Bad Product
Sweet Surprises in Every Bite — Ready to Go!
All Natural — The Best Companion
From Experiment to Success — Step by Step
Задание 4. The Pilgrims mentioned in Paragraph B were …
the English who came to North America on the Mayflower in 1620. +
the Spanish conquistadors led by Hernando de Soto in 1539-1542.
the Vikings led to North America by Leif Erikson around A.D. 1000.
Задание 5. Natural sap from trees was used for making chewing gum in the past …
but is no longer used today.
and is still often used today.
and is the only base used today.
Ответ: Natural juice — Chicle
Задание 6. In which paragraph can we find information about …
1. the components used to make modern chewing gum? — D
2. the problems of developing the right recipe of bubble gum? — В
3. the first commercial chewing gum? — C
4. what makes chewing gum sweet? — E
5. a traditional characteristic of bubble-gum?
6. how popular chewing gum is today? — A
7. the shapes of different kinds of chewing gum? — F
Задание 7. Sapodilla, spruce and mastic are the names of..
trees
chemicals
gum ingredients +
Задание 8. In some ways, making bubble gum is similar to making:
bread +
sugar
paint
Задание 9. Which state is not associated with the early history of industrially produced chewing gum?
Maine
Pennsylvania +
Massachusetts